プロモーター

VectorBuilderを使って自分のベクターをデザインすることができます。以下によく使われるコンポーネントの解説があります。
哺乳類細胞ユビキタス プロモーター
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
CMV Human cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer/promoter Strong promoter; may have variable strength in some cell types. Cell. 41:521 (1985); PLoS One. 5:e10611 (2010) View
CMV+intron Human cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer/promoter fused with the splicing signal from the human beta-globin intron 2 Strong promoter; may have variable strength in some cell types; presence of the beta-globin intron facilitates the nuclear export of mRNA by splicing and is predicted to enhance gene expression in eukaryotes. EMBO J. 13: 3065 (1994); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 105: 3386 (2008) View
EF1A Human eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 α1 promoter Strong promoter. Nucl Acids Res. 18:5322 (1990); PLoS One. 5:e10611 (2010) View
EFS Human eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 α1 short form Medium-strength promoter. Nat Methods.11:783 (2014) View
CAG CMV early enhancer fused to modified chicken β-actin promoter Strong promoter. Gene. 108:193 (1991); PLoS One. 5:e10611 (2010) View
CBh CMV early enhancer fused to modified chicken β-actin promoter Strong promoter. Hum Gene Ther. 22:1143 (2011) View
CBA CMV early enhancer fused to chicken β-actin promoter and SV40 intron Strong promoter. Mol Biotechnol. 58:30 (2016) View
SFFV Spleen focus-forming virus promoter Strong promoter; drives high levels of gene expression, particularly in cell types of the myeloid lineage. J Virol. 69:7541 (1995); Hum Gene Ther.13:803 (2002) View
MSCV Murine embryonic stem cell virus promoter including the enhancer and promoter region of PCMV virus and 5' untranslated region of dl-587rev retrovirus Medium-strength promoter; drives gene expression in most murine or human ES cell lines and other mammalian cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 87:9202(1990); Gene Ther. 1:136 (1994) View
MNDU3 The U3 region from the myeloproliferative sarcoma virus (MPSV) LTR with the negative control region (NCR) removed Medium-strength promoter; drives retroviral vector gene expression in most murine or human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines, embryonic stem (ES) cell lines and other mammalian cell lines. J Virol. 69:748 (1995);
J Virol. 71: 9466 (1997);
J Virol. 77:9439 (2003)
View
SV40 Simian virus 40 enhancer/early promoter Medium-strength promoter. Nature. 290:304 (1981); PLoS One. 5:e10611 (2010) View
mPGK Mouse phosphoglycerate kinase 1 promoter Medium-strength promoter. Gene. 60:65 (1987); PLoS One. 5:e10611 (2010) View
hPGK Human phosphoglycerate kinase 1 promoter Medium-strength promoter. PLoS One. 4:e5046 (2009) View
UBC Human ubiquitin C promoter Weak promoter. Nucl Acids Res. 24:1787 (1996); PLoS One. 5:e10611 (2010) View
注 : 
  • Some components have different versions that differ slightly in sequence but are functionally equivalent. VectorBuilder may use different versions depending on context.
  • CAG and CBh promoters contain different versions of modified chicken β-actin promoter.
哺乳類組織特異的プロモーター
名前 詳細 組織特異性 Cell Type Specificity レファレンス シークエンス
Nanog Mouse nanog promoter Embryonic inner cell mass Pluripotent stem cells such as embryonic stem cells J Biol Chem. 280:24731 (2005) View
Nes Rat nestin intron 2 enhancer fused to mouse Hsp68 minimal promoter Nervous system at embryonic stage Neural stem/progenitor cells Eur J Neurosci. 9:452 (1997); J Neurosci Res. 59:321 (2000) View
Tuba1a Rat α1A tubulin promoter Nervous systems at embryonic and early postnatal stages Developing neurons but not astrocytes or oligodendrocytes J Neurosci. 14:7319 (1994) View
Camk2a(long) Mouse α-calcium-calmodulin dependent kinase II promoter (8 kb) Forebrain CA1 pyramidal cells of the hippocampus Cell. 81:891 (1995); Cell. 87:1317 (1996) View
Camk2a(short) Mouse α-calcium-calmodulin dependent kinase II promoter (1.3 kb) Brain Pyramidal neurons Neuroscience. 161:441 (2009) View
SYN1 Human synapsin I promoter Brain Mature neurons Mol Ther. 5:509 (2002) View
MIR218 Human motor-neuron specific microRNA-218 promoter Spinal cord Motor neurons Science. 339:819 (2013); US11642423B2 View
Hb9 Mouse Hb9 enhancer fused to mouse Hsp68 minimal promoter Spinal cord Motor neurons Exp Neurol. 196:224 (2005); Dev Biol. 283:474 (2005) View
Th Mouse tyrosine hydroxylase promoter Brain Dopaminergic neurons Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 274:590 (2000); Neurosci Lett. 363:33 (2004) View
Thy1 Mouse thymus cell antigen 1 promoter Brain Neurons EMBO J. 9:833 (1990); Neuron. 28:41 (2000); Cell Rep. 13:1989 (2015) View
NSE Rat neuron-specific enolase promoter Nervous system Various neurons Neuron. 5:187 (1990); J Mol Neurosci. 8:63(1997) View
GFAP(long) Human glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter (2.1 kb) Brain Astrocytes J Neurosci. 14:1030 (1994) View
GFAP(short) Human glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter (0.68 kb) Brain Astrocytes Glia. 56:481 (2008) View
Iba1 Mouse ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 promoter Brain Microglia J Neurosci Res. 81:357 (2005) View
ProA1 Mouse Gnat2 promoter Retina Cone photoreceptor Nat Neurosci. 22:1345 (2019); Int J Mol Sci. 21:4197 (2020) View
ProA7 Mouse Gnat2 promoter (0.5 kb) Retina Cone photoreceptor in non-human primate Nat Neurosci. 22:1345 (2019) View
hRHO Human rhodopsin promoter Retina Rod photoreceptor J Virol. 81: 11372 (2007); eLife. 5: e12242 (2016) View
hBEST1 Human bestrophin 1 promoter Retina RPE Hum Mol Genet. 18:128 (2009) View
Grm6 A 200-bp enhancer of mGluR6 (mouse metabotropic glutamate receptor 6) fused to a basal SV40 promoter (0.4 kb) Retina ON-bipolar cells J Neurosci. 28:2008 View
Grm6(short) A 200-bp enhancer of mGluR6 (mouse glutamate metabotropic receptor 6) fused to a 500-bp mGluR6 promoter (0.7 kb) Retina ON-bipolar cells Gene Ther. 23:680 (2016); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 119:e2117038119 (2022) View
Grm6(long) Intron 4, 3, and a 200-bp enhancer of mGluR6 (mouse glutamate metabotropic receptor 6) fused to a 500-bp mGluR6 promoter (2.2 kb) Retina ON-bipolar cells Gene Ther. 23:680 (2016); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 119:e2117038119 (2022) View
Prnp Mouse prion protein promoter Brain, hippocampus, cerebellum, retina Various CNS neurons Eur J Neurosci. 14:1777 (2001) View
Cnp Mouse 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase promoter Nervous systems, testis and thymus Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells J Neurosci Res. 53:393 (1998); J Neurosci. 19:759 (1999) View
K14 Human keratin 14 promoter Epidermis Keratinocytes Gene. 153:297 (1995) View
K19 Mouse keratin 19 promoter Epidermis Keratinocytes J Biol Chem. 275:28230 (2000); Genesis. 46:318 (2008) View
BK5 Bovine keratin 5 promoter Epidermis Keratinocytes Differentiation. 58:53 (1994); Oncogene. 19:4243 (2000) View
mTyr Mouse tyrosinase promoter and enhancer Epidermis Melanocytes and melanoma cells Development. 120:2103 (1994); Gene Ther. 1:307 (1994); Int J Mol Sci. 17: 2149 (2016) View
cTnT Chicken cardiac troponin T promoter Heart Cardiomyocytes Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 286:C556 (2004); Gene Ther. 18: 43 (2011); Circ Res. 115:354 (2014) View
αMHC(long) Mouse α-cardiac myosin heavy chain promoter (5.4 kb) Heart Cardiomyocytes J Biol Chem. 266:24613 (1991) View
αMHC(short) Mouse α-cardiac myosin heavy chain promoter (2.8 kb) Heart Cardiomyocytes J Biol Chem. 266:24613 (1991) View
Myog Mouse myogenin promoter Muscle Myoblasts Genes Dev. 7:1277 (1993) View
ACTA1 Human skeletal muscle actin α1 promoter Muscle Myocytes J Biol Chem. 268:719 (1993) View
MHCK7 Composed of enhancer/promoter regions of murine muscle creatine kinase (MCK) and enhancer region of α-myosin heavy-chain genes Mouse skeletal and heart muscles Differentiated postmitotic striated muscle cells Mol Ther. 15:320 (2007); Sci Transl Med. 9(418) (2017) View
CK8e Muscle-specific creatine kinase promoter with deletion of poorly conserved regions Mouse skeletal and heart muscle Differentiated postmitotic striated muscle cells Mol Ther. 19: 1331 (2011); Acta Naturae. 13: 47 (2021) View
SPc5-12 Synthetic promoter c5-12 containing a combination of muscle specific transcription factor binding sites SRE, MEF-1, MEF-2 and TEF-1 Mouse skeletal, heart, and smooth muscle Differentiated postmitotic striated muscle cells Nat Biotechnol. 17:241 (1999); Acta Naturae. 13: 47 (2021) View
SM22a Mouse transgelin (a.k.a. Sm22a) promoter Adult smooth muscle Vascular smooth muscle cells J Cell Biol. 132:849 (1996) View
EnSM22a The chimeric vascular smooth muscle-specific enhancer/promoter (The rabbit myosin heavy-chain enhancer inserted upstream of a truncated mouse SM22a promoter) Adult smooth muscle Vascular smooth muscle cells J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 329: 775 (2009) View
Runx2 Mouse runt related transcription factor 2 promoter Bone Early osteoblasts Biochim Biophys Acta. 1731:95 (2005) View
OC Human osteocalcin promoter Bone and cartilage Osteoblasts, osteocytes and hypertrophic chondrocytes Mol Endocrinol. 11:1695 (1997) View
Col1a1 Rat collagen type I α1 promoter Bone, tooth and tendon Osteoblasts and fibroblasts J Bone Miner Res. 9:285 (1994) View
Col2a1 Mouse collagen type II α1 promoter Cartilage Chondrocytes Genesis. 45:44 (2007) View
aP2 Rat adipocyte P2 promoter Fat Adipocytes J Biol Chem. 268:22243 (1993) View
Adipoq Mouse adiponectin promoter Fat Adipocytes Endocrinology. 151:2933 (2010) View
Tie1 Mouse tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1 promoter Blood vessel Endothelial cells J Cell Sci. 115:2075 (2002) View
Cd144 Mouse cadherin 5 (a.k.a. VE-Cadherin) promoter Blood vessels Vascular endothelial cells Dev Dyn. 235:759 (2006) View
CD68(short) Human CD68 promoter, short, recommended for in vitro use Blood Monocytes and macrophages Gene Ther. 19:1041 (2012) View
CD68(long) Human CD68 promoter, long, recommended for in vivo use Blood Monocytes and macrophages J Immunol. 168:3402(2002); Blood. 124:e33 (2014) View
CD11b Human integrin subunit alpha M promoter Bone marrow Mature myeloid cell lines (neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages) Blood. 79:865 (1992); Blood. 85:319 (1995) View
Afp Mouse α-fetoprotein enhancer II fused with human beta globin promoter Liver Hepatocytes Science. 235:53 (1987); Mol Cell Biol. 15:4947 (1995) View
Alb Mouse albumin promoter Liver Mature hepatocytes Genes Dev. 1:268 (1987) View
TBG Human thyroxine-binding globulin promoter Liver Hepatocytes Gene. 506:289 (2012) View
TBG+intron Human alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin enhancer and thyroxine-binding globulin hybrid promoter fused to a chimeric intron (SD site from a human β-globin intron and SA site from an immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region intron) Liver Hepatocytes J Biol Chem. 267:20765 (1992); Nat Chem Biol. 17:326 (2021) View
MMTV Mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat (LTR) Mammary gland Ductal cells of the salivary gland, mammary epithelial cells Nucleic Acids Res. 25:4323 (1997) View
Wap Mouse whey acidic protein promoter Mammary gland Alveolar epithelial cells of mammary tissue Nucleic Acids Res. 25:4323 (1997) View
HIP Human insulin promoter Pancreas β cells Cell. 52:773 (1998); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 100: 6688 (2003) View
Pdx1 Mouse pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 promoter Embryonic developing pancreas and adult pancreatic islets Pancreatic progenitor cells and pancreatic β cells Development. 129:2447 (2002) View
Ins2 Rat insulin 2 promoter Pancreas Pancreatic β cells Nature. 315:115 (1985);Nature. 429:41 (2004) View
Hcn4 Mouse hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated K+ 4 promoter Embryonic heart Cardiomyocytes Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 353:67 (2007) View
NPHS2 Human podocin promoter Kidney Podocytes Genesis. 35:39 (2003) View
SPB Human surfactant protein B promoter Lung AT II cells (alveolar type II epithelial cells) and Clara cells (bronchiolar epithelial cells) J Biol Chem. 270:24852 (1995); Gene Ther. 14:1461 (2007) View
CD144 Human cadherin 5 (a.k.a. VE-Cadherin) promoter Lung, heart, ovary, spleen and kidney glomeruli Vascular endothelial cells Oncogene. 24:2992 (2005) View
TERT Human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter Tumor Immortalized and cancer cells Cancer Res. 59:551 (1999); Cancer Res. 60:5359 (2000) View
Mammalian Inducible Promoters
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
TRE Tetracycline-responsive element promoter (2nd generation) Regulated by a class of transcription factors (e.g. tTA, rtTA and tTS) whose activities are dependent on tetracycline or its analogs (e.g. doxycycline). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 89:5547 (1992); Science. 268:1766 (1995); J Gene Med. 1:4 (1999) View
TRE3G Tetracycline-responsive element promoter (3rd generation) Bound by transactivator Tet3G in the presence of tetracycline or its analogs (e.g. doxycycline). Gene Ther. 13:1382 (2006) View
Yeast Inducible Promoters
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
GAL1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae galactokinase promoter Repressed in the presence of glucose; induced in the presence of galactose. Mol Cell Biol. 4:1440 (1984); Nucleic Acids Res. 22:5767 (1994) View
MET17 Saccharomyces cerevisiae O-acetyl homoserine-O-acetyl serine sulfhydrylase promoter; aka MET25 and MET15 Repressed in the presence of methionine. Mol Gen Genet. 200:407 (1985); Biotechnol Prog. 21:617 (2005) View
CUP1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae metallothionein promoter Induced in the presence of copper. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 81:3332 (1984); Yeast. 16:651 (2000) View
AOX1 Methanol-induced alcohol oxidase 1 promoter from Pichia pastoris Maximally induced during growth on methanol and fully repressed during growth on glucose or glycerol. Nucleic Acids Res. 15:3859 (1987); J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 42:1175 (2015) View
ゼブラフィッシュ ユビキタス プロモーター
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
sCMV Simian cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer/promoter Strong promoter; Can function in Xenopus, zebrafish, mouse and human. Gene Expr Patterns. 9:54 (2009); Biotechnol Lett. 33:1319 (2011) View
bactin2 Zebrafish cytoskeletal beta-actin promoter Strong promoter. Dev Biol. 192:289 (1997) View
Ubi Zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter Ubiquitous and constitutive promoter. Development. 138:169 (2011) View
植物恒常発現用(Constitutive)プロモーター
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
CaMV35S(short) Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (short) Strong constitutive promoter, drives high-level gene expression in dicot plants but is less effective in monocots. Nature. 313:810 (1985) View
CaMV35S(long) Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (long) Strong promoter. Biotechnol Lett. 29:1793 (2007) View
CaMV35S(enhanced) A chimeric promoter with the doubled CaMV 35S enhancer element Strong promoter. Plant Mol Biol. 21:415 (1993); Biotechnol Lett. 29:1793 (2007) View
Nos Agrobacterium nopaline synthase promoter Weaker promoter compared to CaMV 35S promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 12:7831 (1984); Plant Cell. 2:225 (1990) View
ZmUbi Maize ubiquitin promoter Strong constitutive promoter, drives high-level gene expression in monocots. BMC Plant Biol. 14: 327 (2014) View
酵母恒常発現用(Constitutive)プロモーター
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
TEF1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae translation elongation factor EF-1 alpha promoter Strong promoter. EMBO J. 3:3311 (1984); Yeast. 27:955 (2010) View
GPD Saccharomyces cerevisiae glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter Strong promoter. Gene. 32:263 (1984) View
ADH1(short) Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol dehydrogenase promoter Weak promoter (stronger than ADH1(medium) and ADH1(long)). FEMS Microbiol Lett. 121:229 (1994) View
ADH1(medium) Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol dehydrogenase promoter Weak promoter (stronger than ADH1(long)). FEMS Microbiol Lett. 121:229 (1994) View
ADH1(long) Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol dehydrogenase promoter Weak promoter. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 121:229 (1994) View
GAP Glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter from Pichia pastoris Strong constitutive promoter. Gene. 186:37 (1997); J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 42:1175 (2015) View
ショウジョウバエ ユビキタス プロモーター
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
actin5C The distal promoter of cytoskeletal actin 5C gene of Drosophila melanogaster, controling synthesis of actin in a tissue- and developmental stage-specific manner Strong promoter Mol Cell Biol. 10:6172 (1990); Nucleic Acids Res. 19:5037 (1991) View
Polyubiquitin Promoter of polyubiqutin gene of Drosophila melanogaster Strong promoter Mol Cell Biol. 8:4727 (1988); Methods Mol Biol. 62:385 (1997) View
a1tubulin Promoter of α1-tubulin gene of Drosophila melanogaster Medium-strength promoter Nucleic Acids Res. 19:5037 (1991) View
ショウジョウバエ発現誘導性プロモーター
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
Mtn Promoter of the metallothionein gene of Drosophila melanogaster Strong promoter; tightly indubible with the presence of Cu+. Nucleic Acids Res. 19:5037 (1991); Genetics. 112:493 (1986) View
DmHsp70 Drosophila melanogaster heat-shock protein 70 promoter Strong and heat-shock inducible promoter. BMC Evol Biol. 13:68 (2013); Plos one. 10:e0128976 (2015) View
ショウジョウバエPol III Promoters
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
U6-1 U6 small nuclear RNA gene promoter U6-1 of Drosophila melanogaster Pol III promoter; drives intermediate expression level of small RNAs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 331:1163 (2005); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111:E2967 (2014) View
U6-2 U6 small nuclear RNA gene promoter U6-2 of Drosophila melanogaster Pol III promoter; drives lowest expression level of small RNAs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 331:1163 (2005); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111:E2967 (2014) View
U6-3 U6 small nuclear RNA gene promoter U6-3 of Drosophila melanogaster Pol III promoter; drives strongest expression level of small RNAs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 331:1163 (2005); Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111:E2967 (2014) View
Worm Ubiquitous Promoters
名前 詳細 アプリケーションノート レファレンス シークエンス
eft-3 C. elegans translation elongation factor 1-α promoter Strong promoter; drives high levels of gene expression in somatic cells. Genes Dev. 14: 2173 (2000) View
pie-1 C. elegans pharynx and intestine in excess protein 1 promoter lacking repetitive sequences Strong promoter; drives high levels of gene expression in all germ cells from the late L1 stage to the adult stage. Curr Biol. 18:1476 (2008) View
CeU6 C. elegans R07E5.16 U6 snRNA promoter Pol III promoter; drives expression of small RNAs. Nat Methods. 10: 1028 (2013); Genetics. 199: 959 (2015) View
Worm Tissue-specific Promoters
名前 詳細 組織特異性 Cell Type Specificity レファレンス シークエンス
spe-11 C. elegans spermatocyte protein spe-11 promoter / Sperm Curr Biol. 18:1476 (2008) View
myo-2 C. elegans myosin-2 promoter / Pharyngeal muscle cells Genetics. 135:385 (1993); Nat Genet. 40:1375 (2008) View
myo-3 C. elegans myosin-3 promoter / Body muscle cells Genetics. 135:385 (1993); Nat Genet. 40:1375 (2008) View
rab-3 C. elegans ras-related protein Rab-3 promoter Nervous system Pan-neuronal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 113: E1074 (2016) View
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