This region encompasses the 5\' proximal promoter and multiple upstream and downstream enhancers and silencers of the renin gene (REN), which is involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. These sequences contain multiple sites that respond to cyclic AMP or peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma to positively regulate gene expression. Additional sites mediate negative regulation of gene expression in response to signalling by thyroid receptor, calcium, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. The upstream enhancer located 11 kb from the promoter contains a nucleotide difference relative to the corresponding mouse sequence, which results in dampened activity when compared to the mouse element. Common human polymorphisms in this region (rs6682082, rs12750834) may affect activity of the promoter or enhancers, resulting in differences in renin gene expression and arterial blood pressure. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2021] Annotation information: Note: This locus has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in host gene regulation.
